Discerning Xylella fastidiosa-Infected Olive Orchards in the Time Series of MODIS Terra Satellite Evapotranspiration Data by Using the Fisher–Shannon Analysis and the Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis

Xylella fastidiosa is a phytobacterium able to provoke severe diseases in many species. When it infects olive trees, induces the quick decline syndrome that leads tree rapid desiccation and then death. This has been recently detected groves southern Italy, representing an important threat growing of area. In this paper, order identify patterns revealing presence fastidiosa, several hundreds pixels MODIS satellite evapostranspiration covering infected healthy Italy were analyzed by means Fisher–Shannon method multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis. The analysis receiver operating characteric curve indicates two informational quantities (the Fisher information measure Shannon entropy) three parameters range generalized Hurst exponents width maximum spectrum) are well suited discriminate between sites, although spectrum performs better than others. These results could suggest use both methods as operational tool for early detection plant diseases.